Mount Olympus was the hideout and the base of operations of many famous chieftains during Turkish occupation.
After the failure of the revolutions that took place in Olympus at 1822, 1833 and 1854 (Greece was declared free from the Turks in 1828, but with a limited territory),
the revolution of 1878 was the beginning of freedom for the rest of Greece.

On 19 February 1878 the temporary Government of Macedonia was constituted at Litohoro village. Its president was an inhabitant of Litohoro, Korovagos Evangelos.

After a battle with the Turks, the Greeks were defeated, and Litohoro village along with some of Olympus forests were set on fire. The freedom for the Olympus area came later,
in 1912. Since 1900, Mount Olympus was used as a hideaway for robbers, such as Yiagoulas who was killed
near peak "Profitis Ilias".

During World War II and the German incursion in Greece, significant battles took place around Mount Olympus.
The Greek army managed to stop the Germans for a few days, but on 16 April 1941 the German army passed through Olympus and raised the German flag on the top of the mountain till the October 1944 when Greece became a free nation again.